In the field of magic, there are different elements that act as determinants. The five main elements are; the earth, air, water, fire and spirit. These elements are represented on the pentagram and they all have different properties that play important roles in ritual preparation and workings.
The elements represent directions, states, levels of elevations, polarities, etc. Each element contains two polarities; one is of active nature and the other of passive nature.
In the universe, there is no good or bad thing; everything is governed by certain principles or laws. Also, when it comes to ritual preparation, the number of elements used in a ritual is chosen by the Supreme power. For this reason, while some rituals would require one element others would require two or more elements.
Fire Element
Gender: Masculine
Astrological signs: Aries Leo and Sagittarius
Direction: South
Time: Noon
Season: Summer
Energy: Projective, male
Characteristics: Vivacity, self-confidence, desire for realization, enthusiasm, dynamism, frankness.
Animals: Snakes, praying mantis, lizard, salamanders, bee, etc.
Symbols: Flames, a warmed object
Colors: Golden red, orange, white
Goddesses: Brigit, Freya, Hestia, Pele, Vesta
God: Ra, Agni, Hephaestus, Horus
Stones: Red jasper, lava, tiger eyes, agates, quartz crystals, ruby red stones.
Metals: Gold, copper
Magick tools: Rod, candles, dagger, herbs to burn or papers for the same purpose.
Plants: Basil, cinnamon, garlic, heliotrope, lime, mustard, onion, orange, red chili peppers, red poppies, etc..
Magical Works: Rituals on protection, strength, loyalty, vision, lighting, courage, self-knowledge, power.
Earth Element
Gender: Female.
Astrological signs: Taurus, Virgo, Capricorn
Direction: North
Time: Night
Season: Winter
Energy: Receptive
Characteristics: Efficiency, perseverance and tenacity, practical sense, reflection, logical mind.
Animals: Cow or bull, bison, snakes
Symbols: Pentagram, sand, earth
Colors: Black, brown, green, gold, white.
Goddesses: Nephthys, Persephone, Demeter, Geae, Mah, Prithivi, Rhea, Rhiannon
Gods: Adonis, Athos, Dionysus, Marduk, Arawn, Cernunnos, Pan, Tammuz.
Stones: Emerald, peridot, onyx, rock crystal, jasper, azurite, rutilated quartz amethyst, tourmaline.
Metals: Iron, Lead
Magick tools: Images, stones, magic strings, pentacle, salt, etc.
Plants: Ivy, comfrey, grains such as: barley, oats, wheat corn, rice, rye.
Magical Works: Employment, stability, success, empathy, prosperity, money, fertility..etc.
Water Element
Gender: Female
Astrological signs: Cancer, Scorpion, Fish
Direction : West
Time: Dusk
Season: Autumn
Energy: Receptive
Characteristics: Water symbolizes discipline, intuition, wisdom, a certain conformism, sensitivity and reverie. But there can be emotional instability, due to the outside world and to the surroundings.
Animals: cat, frog, dolphin, whale, otter, seal, fish and shells
Symbols: seashells, water, cup.
Colors: Blue
Goddesses: Aphrodite, Yamaya, Oshun, Isis, Mari, Tiamat, Ran, Kupala
Gods: Ea, Manannan, Poseidon, Varuna, Osiris, Neptune.
Stones: Transparent and translucent, amethysts and aquamarine; blue, blue tourmaline
Metals: Mercury, silver, copper
Magick tools: cup and cauldron
Plants: Aquatic, algae; fleshy, lettuce; loving, pink or gardenia; all flowers
Magical Works: Purification, love, awakening, psychic, dreams, sleep, peace, marriage, and friendship.
Air Element
Gender: Male
Astrological signs: Gemini, Libra, Aquarius.
Direction: East
Time: Dawn
Season: Spring
Energy: Projective
Animals: Spiders, Birds, Winged Insects
Symbols: Feather, incense, fragrant flowers
Colors: Yellow, crimson, white, bright yellow, blue-white
Goddesses: Aradia, Cardea, Arianrhod, Nuit, Urania.
Gods: Mercury, Shu, Thoth, Enlil, Khephera
Stones: Citrine, topaz
Metals: Copper and tin
Magick tools: Athame and Sword with Air
Plants: Primrose, frankincense, myrrh, pansy, violet, yarrow.
Magical Works: Divination, concentration, visualization, wind magic, elemental magic.
Spirit Element
Direction: Center
Time: Beyond time, all time is one.
Season: The turning wheel.
Colors: Clear, white, black
Goddesses: Isis, Shekinah.
Gods: Akasha
Stone: Amethyst, Quartz
Magick tools: Cauldron
Plants: Mistletoe,
Animal: Sphinx, snakes